The influence of technology in the classroom: An analysis of an iPad and video intervention on JHS student’s confidence, anxiety, and EFL WTC

Abstract

This small-scale, longitudinal study tested for the influence of video recording with a camcorder, and recording and self-viewing with an iPad. The study tested for changes in confidence, anxiety and foreign language (fl) willingness to communicate (wtc; McCroskey & Baer, 1985) using self-report measures before and after the intervention (N = 91 & 71, respectively). For the second administration, a second instrument was administered which asked about the influence of the camcorder / iPad intervention on confidence, anxiety, and wtc. The class that received the iPad intervention shows statistically significant increases in confidence and wtc, and a statistically significant decrease in anxiety. Furthermore, the Warppls structural equation modeling (sem) software results show that the iPad use had a strong positive influence on confidence and wtc and may also have lowered the level of anxiety of the students video-recorded directly (n = 9) with the iPad. The results indicate that video recording and self-viewing in the classroom with an iPad may promote confidence and wtc, and lower anxiety.