Investigating the effect of ChatGPT as a feedback tool on English writing: Evidence from Foreign Trade University - Ho Chi Minh City of Vietnam

Abstract

This study investigates the impact of ChatGPT, an AI-driven writing evaluation tool, on the writing skills of undergraduate EFL students at Foreign Trade University HCMC. While AI-powered tools are believed to positively influence student writing, empirical evidence regarding ChatGPT's specific effects is still limited in Vietnam. A mixed-methods study was conducted, using three tests and numerous focus group discussions with tertiary-level EFL students. Data were collected primarily through three tests of writing, each comprising three tasks focusing on process, comparison, and cause-effect. The findings revealed a significant positive impact of ChatGPT on learners’ academic English writing abilities and their perceptions of its effectiveness as a writing tool. The study highlights the advantages of using ChatGPT as a dialogic tool and reliable writing resource. With appropriate student training, ChatGPT can serve as a beneficial feedback tool, particularly in large-sized classes. This research suggests that ChatGPT can be a valuable instrument in improving the writing skills of ESL students, offering a more substantial positive impact than other AI-driven tools. Future research can further explore the effects of ChatGPT on various specific genres and micro-aspects of writing, providing a more comprehensive understanding of its potential in higher educational institutions.